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  • What is the optimum drag reducer concentration for modified polyacrylamide?
  • The modified polyacrylamide is a typical hydrophobically associating polymer, reaching a CAC at a mass concentration of about 0.25% (by weight). It is found from the friction test that the optimum concentration of the drag reducer is about 0.05% in fresh water, and the highest drag-reducing rate reaches as high as 72%.
  • Can polyacrylamide be a drag reducer?
  • A very simple cationic monomer and a cationic hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide were synthesized, and the polymer was to function as a drag reducer. The structures of monomer and polymer were characterized by IR and NMR, and the drag-reducing rate, below and above the critical association concentration, (CAC) was tested.
  • What is the optimum concentration of drag reducer in fresh water?
  • It is found from the friction test that the optimum concentration of the drag reducer is about 0.05% in fresh water, and the highest drag-reducing rate reaches as high as 72%. In addition, high concentration and high viscosity of drag reducer may impart negative impact on drag reduction rate in fresh water.
  • What additives are used in hydraulic fracturing?
  • At present, the four additives commonly used in hydraulic fracturing of tight oil and gas reservoirs in western China include the conventional polyacrylamide friction reducer EM30S, biogels, thickener CHS-1, and high viscous friction reducer HVFR-1.